The Role of Plasmapheresis In Pediatric Antibody- Negative Autoimmune Encephalitis

Objective We show the efficacy and relative safety of plasmapheresis as a treatment option for antibody negative AIE in children. Background Plasmapheresis is well established therapy mediated autoimmune encephalitis (AIE). In patients with no identified antibody, role unclear. Starting becomes even more controversial children Design/Methods An IRB approved chart review was conducted on <18 years diagnosed encephalitis. A retrospective analysis response to long term follow up that did not have an antibody. Results 52 were encephalitis, 14 (26.9%) these tested antibodies. 2 (14%) received only steroids, while all others Steroids plus IVIG. 7 (58%) rituximab poor response/relapse following Of these, 3 (43%) further underwent presumed refractory AIE. All had improvement after remained symptom free, including seizure freedom, at year up. One patient needed repeat relapse. No adverse effects reported. Conclusions Several studies shown timely delivery immunotherapies crucial delay due autoantibodies can lead poorer outcomes. safe should be considered refractory/relapsing children, absence Larger future help solidify findings from our cohort.